N\u00eb nj\u00eb konferenc\u00eb shtypi q\u00eb u organizua disa koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn Hovard-Smitson, fizikan\u00ebt amerikan\u00eb, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb grupit t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt BICEP2, shpall\u00ebn bot\u00ebrisht se kan\u00eb zbuluar val\u00ebt fillestare t\u00eb gravitacionit q\u00eb kan\u00eb lindur n\u00eb etap\u00ebn e inflacionit, kur formohej Gjith\u00ebsia jon\u00eb. N\u00eb rast se ky rezultat do t\u00eb pranohet si i mir\u00ebqen\u00eb, at\u00ebhere ky do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb nga zbulimet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb shkenc\u00ebs s\u00eb dit\u00ebve tona, q\u00eb do t\u00eb meritoj\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht \u00e7mimin Nobel. Pse paska kaq r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi ky zbulim? S\u00eb pari, sepse u zbuluan val\u00ebt, t\u00eb cilat i parashikoi n\u00eb Teorin\u00eb e tij t\u00eb Relativitetit q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1916, Ajnshtajni i madh dhe deri tani, ato s\u2019jan\u00eb konfirmuar materialisht, ose m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb themi, nuk ka patur regjistrim t\u00eb tyre zyrtar, \u00e7do \u201czbulim\u201d ka mbetur ende teorik sikurse ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Ajnshtanit. S\u00eb dyti, kjo, po t\u00eb jet\u00eb ashtu sikurse thuhet nga pedagog\u00ebt amerikan\u00eb t\u00eb Hovardit, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pohim tjet\u00ebr i \u201cteoris\u00eb s\u00eb inflacionit\u201d n\u00eb kozmologjin\u00eb e dit\u00ebve tona dhe n\u00eb evolucionin e vet\u00eb Gjith\u00ebsis\u00eb. S\u00eb treti, kjo u jep dor\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb metod\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb studimit t\u00eb Gjith\u00ebsis\u00eb, e cila lejon t\u00eb vler\u00ebsohen numerikisht proceset q\u00eb jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb shkas p\u00ebr lindjen e k\u00ebtyre val\u00ebve. Punimet u kryen n\u00eb teleskopin BICEP2, t\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb Stacionin Amerikan t\u00eb Antarktid\u00ebs, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga vendet m\u00eb t\u00eb thata dhe plot drit\u00eb t\u00eb Tok\u00ebs son\u00eb.
\nSipas shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb Hovardit, zbulimi u b\u00eb n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb matjes dhe num\u00ebrimit t\u00eb rrezatimeve reliktore, ose sikurse kan\u00eb filluar t\u2019i quajn\u00eb tani, t\u00eb \u201cfonit t\u00eb mikroval\u00ebve kozmike\u201d. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb fakt nj\u00eb rrezatim i cili \u201cmbush\u201d n\u00eb sasi t\u00eb barabart\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Gjith\u00ebsin\u00eb, duke filluar q\u00eb nga zanafilla e krijimit t\u00eb saj. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se vektori i fush\u00ebs elektrike n\u00eb val\u00ebt elektromagnetike l\u00ebkundet (ka oshilacione) n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrafsh t\u00eb caktuar. Matjet e polarizimit p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb nj\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre oshilacioneve (l\u00ebkundjeve) t\u00eb shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb shprehjes s\u00eb tyre. N\u00eb jet\u00ebn e p\u00ebrditshme, neve na takon t\u00eb ndeshemi me nj\u00eb polarizim t\u00eb till\u00eb gjat\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb, ose n\u00eb pasqyrimin e tyre mbi sip\u00ebrfaqen e ujit.
\nAutor\u00ebt e zbulimit krijuan hart\u00ebn e shp\u00ebrndarjes n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb t\u00eb rrezatimit reliktor, analiza e t\u00eb cil\u00ebs jep mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb nxjerrim p\u00ebrfundime p\u00ebr mekanizmin e polarizimit. \u00c7\u00ebshtja \u00ebshte se gjat\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb zakonshme, lind e ashtuquajtura \u201cmoda-E\u201d e polarizimit. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, struktura e polarizimit t\u00eb qarqeve elementare n\u00eb hart\u00eb ka simetri t\u00eb barabart\u00eb me at\u00eb t\u00eb pasqyr\u00ebs. Kjo \u201cmod\u00eb\u201d u zbulua p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2002, n\u00eb interferometrin DASI. N\u00eb rast se polarizimi ka lidhje me val\u00ebt e gravitacionit, at\u00ebhere situata ndryshon. Val\u00ebt e gravitacionit, duke ushtruar presion mbi hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn, mund t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb edhe modelime t\u00eb tjera si ai \u201cM-A\u201d, duke dh\u00ebn\u00eb polarizime n\u00eb dy drejtime. K\u00ebsisoj, vet\u00eb zbulimi i \u201cB-mod\u00ebs\u201d, p\u00ebr shembull, mund t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb pranin\u00eb e val\u00ebve t\u00eb gravitacionit. Nd\u00ebrkaq, val\u00ebt e gravitacionit jan\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebta dhe kjo dob\u00ebsi nuk jep asnj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb krijosh polarizim t\u00eb fort\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, mund t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb \u201cinflacioni\u201d.
\nStudimi i val\u00ebve fillestare t\u00eb gravitacionit do t\u00eb jap\u00eb nj\u00eb informacion t\u00eb pamat\u00eb p\u00ebr proceset e momenteve t\u00eb para, pas lindjes s\u00eb Gjith\u00ebsis\u00eb. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, k\u00ebto val\u00eb, kur jan\u00eb t\u00eb fuqishme, mund t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb formimin e galaktikave. Pik\u00ebrisht ato do t\u00eb japin mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb shpjeguar rritjen e tyre t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb, si dhe shpjegimin e strukturave t\u00eb tjera m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha sesa priten.
\nP\u00ebr \u00e7udin\u00eb e vet\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve, zbulimi i \u201cModelit-B\u201d t\u00eb polarizimit dha mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u201czb\u00ebrthyer\u201d me leht\u00ebsi shum\u00eb enigma t\u00eb tjera, si, bie fjala, a arrijn\u00eb ato rreze t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkojn\u00eb masive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha edhe t\u00eb tjera. Sikurse pohojn\u00eb autor\u00ebt e zbulimit, efekti i val\u00ebve fillestare t\u00eb gravitacionit \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb i madh, prandaj k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb studim m\u00eb t\u00eb thelluar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb\u2026
\nTheksojm\u00eb se projekti BICEP2 (Background Imaging of Cosmic Extragalactic Polarization) nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i vetmi n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin b\u00ebhen k\u00ebrkime p\u00ebr val\u00ebt fillestare t\u00eb gravitacionit. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb veprimtari k\u00ebrkimore shkencore jan\u00eb marr\u00eb grupe t\u00eb t\u00ebra studiuesish, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb k\u00ebtu edhe ato n\u00eb satelitin e Agjencis\u00eb Evropiane t\u00eb K\u00ebrkimeve Shkencore. Atje nuk jan\u00eb arritur rezultate t\u00eb k\u00ebtilla, por t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb studiohen dhe shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt kan\u00eb shum\u00eb shpresa se studimi do t\u00eb jet\u00eb shum\u00eb frutdh\u00ebn\u00ebs. Le t\u00eb presim.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u00eb nj\u00eb konferenc\u00eb shtypi q\u00eb u organizua disa koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn Hovard-Smitson, fizikan\u00ebt amerikan\u00eb, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb grupit t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt BICEP2, shpall\u00ebn bot\u00ebrisht se kan\u00eb zbuluar val\u00ebt fillestare t\u00eb gravitacionit q\u00eb kan\u00eb lindur n\u00eb etap\u00ebn e inflacionit, kur formohej Gjith\u00ebsia jon\u00eb. N\u00eb rast se ky rezultat do t\u00eb pranohet si i mir\u00ebqen\u00eb, at\u00ebhere ky […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-enciklopedi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3476"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3476\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}