{"id":27380,"date":"2021-04-14T22:27:52","date_gmt":"2021-04-14T20:27:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/?p=27380"},"modified":"2021-04-14T22:27:55","modified_gmt":"2021-04-14T20:27:55","slug":"gjeopolitika-dhe-fuqia-ushtarake-e-shqiperise-ne-luften-e-ftohteeshte-libri-me-i-ri-qe-konkuron-sot-me-dinjitet-ne-treg-nga-agron-berdaj","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/2021\/04\/gjeopolitika-dhe-fuqia-ushtarake-e-shqiperise-ne-luften-e-ftohteeshte-libri-me-i-ri-qe-konkuron-sot-me-dinjitet-ne-treg-nga-agron-berdaj\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cGjeopolitika dhe fuqia ushtarake e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb \u201cLuft\u00ebn e Ftoht\u00eb\u201d,\u00ebsht\u00eb libri m\u00eb i ri q\u00eb konkuron sot me dinjitet n\u00eb treg. Nga Agron Berdaj"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cGjeopolitika dhe fuqia ushtarake e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb \u201cLuft\u00ebn e Ftoht\u00eb\u201d,\u00ebsht\u00eb libri m\u00eb i ri q\u00eb konkuron sot me dinjitet n\u00eb treg. Autori i librit \u00ebsht\u00eb kolonel Zeno Jahaj,i njohur n\u00eb publistik\u00ebn dhe masmedian Sshqiptare. Kultura ushtarake dhe civile, jeta e autorit e shtrir\u00eb n\u00eb dy koh\u00eb, n\u00eb dy sisteme politike,ndjesit\u00eb e p\u00ebrjetuara n\u00eb ushtrit\u00eb e t\u00eb dy koh\u00ebve,p\u00ebrfshirja n\u00eb sistemin e karier\u00ebs,p\u00ebrmes sfidave dhe ambicieve konkuruese, e kan\u00eb ndihmuar autorin t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatis\u00eb nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr dinjitoz,me vlera dhe me nj\u00eb informacion t\u00eb pasur e me referenca autoritare dhe shkencore.<br>Vlerat didaktike t\u00eb lib\u00ebrit q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb n\u00eb faktin q\u00eb materiali l\u00ebndor nuk shtjellohet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb akademike e skematike,por me nj\u00eb stil t\u00eb k\u00ebnd\u00ebsh\u00ebm,mjaft\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebs,me mendime shpreh\u00ebse e t\u00eb qarta.Libri jep modelin sesi gjeopolitika duhet t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb trajtimin e problemeve aktuale,por edhe historike,civile dhe ushtarake,filozofike dhe sociale,ekonomike e gjeostrategjike.<br>Lufta e Ftoht\u00eb e cila nis menj\u00ebher\u00eb me mbarimin e Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, n\u00eb librin e autorit,trajtohet si nj\u00eb loj\u00eb gjeopolitike e frym\u00ebzuar sipas parimit t\u00eb \u201dtok\u00ebs s\u00eb xanun\u201d.I udh\u00ebhequr nga ky parim Stalini do t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktonte: \u201dKjo luft\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb si n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn.Kushdo q\u00eb pushton nj\u00eb territor,imponon sistemin e tij shoq\u00ebror\u00eb\u2026.aq larg sa mund t\u00eb shkel\u00eb ushtria e tij\u201d. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb vendet e Europ\u00ebs Lindore u fut\u00ebn n\u00ebn ombrell\u00ebn sovjetike, t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira n\u00eb Traktatin e Varshav\u00ebs.Parimit t\u00eb \u201ctok\u00ebs s\u00eb xanur\u201ddo t\u2019i p\u00ebrulej n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn mas\u00eb edhe SHBA. Pas hapjes s\u00eb Frontit t\u00eb Per\u00ebndimit n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn e Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, dhe ku shkel\u00ebn ushtar\u00ebt amerikan\u00eb dhe anglez\u00eb, pas k\u00ebsaj lufte,k\u00ebto vende do t\u00eb b\u00ebheshin an\u00ebtare t\u00eb NATO-s. Ve\u00e7 planit \u201cMarshall\u201dp\u00ebr ringritjen e ekonomis\u00eb s\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs Per\u00ebndimore,n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb nga Amerika filloi t\u00eb aplikohej edhe \u201cDoktrina Truman\u201d,e orientuar posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht\u00eb p\u00ebr Greqin\u00eb dhe Turqin\u00eb. Si fillim, nj\u00eb ndihm\u00eb prej 400 milion\u00eb dollar\u00ebsh,n\u00eb form\u00ebn e armatimeve e pajisjeve ushtarake,teknologji e trajnime ushtarake,asistenc\u00eb dhe grante sigurie,shuma q\u00eb m\u00eb pas shkuan n\u00eb miliarda dollar\u00eb.Edhe pse Greqia dhe Turqia ishin dy v\u00ebnde jo shum\u00eb miq\u00ebsore mes tyre,doktrina \u201cTruman\u201d,p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime gjeostrategjike,synonte p\u00ebrmes k\u00ebtyre vendeve t\u00eb bllokonte daljen e rus\u00ebve n\u00eb Mesdhe.Pranimi dhe angazhimet e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta t\u00eb t\u00eb dy vendeve n\u00eb NATO,shkruan autori i librit,sh\u00ebrbyen disi si nj\u00eb valvul\u00eb shkarkimi tensionesh e rivalitetesh t\u00eb vjetra q\u00eb ato trash\u00ebgonin mes tyre.<br>Si nj\u00eb njoh\u00ebs i gjeopolitik\u00ebs, p\u00ebrmes saj,autori i librit ka synuar t\u00eb shpjegoj\u00eb mjaft\u00eb dukuri politike dhe ushtarake,teori dhe strategji q\u00eb ngrihen dhe bien,doktrina dhe aleanca sipas konjukturave t\u00eb koh\u00ebs.K\u00ebrc\u00ebnim i nj\u00eb lufte b\u00ebrthamore mes t\u00eb dy superfuqive ka q\u00ebn\u00eb tipar dallues n\u00eb vitet 60-t\u00eb.Vendosja e raketave balistike amerikane\u201dJupiter\u201d n\u00eb Itali dhe n\u00eb Izmir, Turqi, me rreze operacionale 2,400 km u b\u00eb shkak q\u00eb nga rus\u00ebt t\u00eb vendosnin raketa balestike SS-4 dhe R-14 n\u00eb Kub\u00eb 140 km larg brigjeve t\u00eb SHBA, me rreze operacionale p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht\u00eb 2,080 km dhe 3,700 km. N\u00eb k\u00ebto kushte lindi edhe \u201cIniciativa e Mbrojtjes Strategjike\u201d.Ndikimet e k\u00ebtij rivaliteti mes dy superfuqive kan\u00eb q\u00ebn\u00eb reale duke p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb rrezik edhe p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb.P\u00ebr t\u00eb argumentuar k\u00ebto t\u00eb v\u00ebrteta ,autori i librit sjell bised\u00ebn e Sekretarit t\u00eb Mbrojtjes s\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs,Maknamara me gjeneralin Pauer,Komandant i Komand\u00ebs Ajrore Strategjike,p\u00ebr ta njohur me \u201cPlanin Unik t\u00eb Integruar Operacional-62\u201d,ose planin e goditjeve b\u00ebrthamore n\u00eb rruzullin tok\u00ebsor.Kur gjenerali gjat\u00eb prezantimit t\u00eb planit pa se Maknamara shprehu habi kur d\u00ebgjoi se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb plan p\u00ebrfshihej dhe goditja mbi Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, me humor\u00eb i thot\u00eb Sekretarit t\u00eb Mbrojtjes:\u201dE po , zoti Sekretar,shpresoj se nuk keni ndonj\u00eb mik apo mardh\u00ebnie n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri,sepse njitash ne do t\u00eb na duhet ta fshijm\u00eb nga faqia e dheut.\u201dP\u00ebr ngjarjet e viteve 60-t\u00eb, n\u00eb bot\u00eb, edhe n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri,n\u00eb librin e Zenos,b\u00ebhen analiza t\u00eb mir\u00eb argumentuara,jepen shpjegime dhe trajtohen oponenca ,t\u00eb cilat ngrihen mbi faktor\u00ebt ideologjik,partiak dhe tradicional t\u00eb koh\u00ebs. Madje,me t\u00eb drejt\u00eb autori, p\u00ebr disa ngjarje dhe fenomene,t\u00eb ndodhura n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e luftes s\u00eb ftoh\u00ebt, ka nj\u00eb mendim ndryshe,nga historiografia zyrtare. Lidershipi Shqiptar\u00eb i koh\u00ebs n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimi dhe rreziku, n\u00eb pikpamje gjeopolitike, luajti mjaft\u00eb mir\u00eb duke e shk\u00ebputur vendin nga influencat sovjetike dhe t\u00eb Traktatit t\u00eb Varshav\u00ebs.Nj\u00eb akt i till\u00eb e mbajti vendin larg zon\u00ebs s\u00eb rrezikut,duke ndjekur me v\u00ebm\u00ebndje balancat politico-ushtarake dhe ekuilibrin mes superfuqive.N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb rus\u00ebt e vler\u00ebsonin Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb nj\u00eb armik,por t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr ta sulmuar,jo se i mungonin kapacitetet dhe forcat,pasi ato i kishte me tep\u00ebric\u00eb,por p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb vler\u00ebsimit gjeopolitik t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, dhe se n\u00eb kufinjt\u00eb e saj, p\u00ebrplaseshin interesat e t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjve .Nd\u00ebrsa NATO, shk\u00ebputjen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nga rus\u00ebt,e vler\u00ebsonte politikisht\u00eb si nj\u00eb hap pozitiv,ku nga teritori i saj,largohej k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimi dhe mund\u00ebsia e goditjeve t\u00eb bazave t\u00eb saj,n\u00eb Itali e n\u00eb Mesdhe.Nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb pikpamje ushtarake Shqip\u00ebria nga ekspert\u00ebt e NATO-s,nisi t\u00eb vler\u00ebsohej si nj\u00eb \u201dkund\u00ebrshtar i domozdosh\u00ebm\u201d.<br>P\u00ebrmes trajtimit t\u00eb shum\u00eb fenomeneve dhe problemeve t\u00eb koh\u00ebs,autori duket sikur na tregon, jo vet\u00ebm r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e gjeopolitik\u00ebs,n\u00eb zb\u00ebrthimin e mjaft\u00eb t\u00eb panjohurave,por edhe se kjo disiplin\u00eb shkencore, \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe mjaft xanxare e rigoroze.Ajo nuk pranon informacione t\u00eb r\u00ebndomta, p\u00ebrs\u00ebritjen e disiplinave t\u00eb tjera shkencore n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb mekanike,pa lidhje,pa nj\u00eb kohezion t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm,pa i par\u00eb fenomenet n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje dhe zhvillim t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm.Kur autori i librit analizon burimet e fuqis\u00eb ushtarake,dhe element\u00ebt p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs t\u00eb saj,nuk ndalet vet\u00ebm n\u00eb trajtimin sasior\u00eb t\u00eb tyre, por edhe n\u00eb at\u00eb cil\u00ebsor\u00eb,tregon kufinjt\u00eb se kur prishen k\u00ebto balanca, dhe fuqia kthehet n\u00eb dob\u00ebsi. K\u00ebshtu, autori shpjegon se madh\u00ebsia e popullsis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb element i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm i fuqis\u00eb s\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi.Por,kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb relative se jo cdo madh\u00ebsi numerike popullsie p\u00ebrb\u00ebn fuqi.Kthehet n\u00eb fuqi nj\u00eb popull i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i ushqyer,i organizuar,i st\u00ebrvitur dhe me moral t\u00eb lart\u00eb.N\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt\u00ebn madh\u00ebsia e popullsis\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebn problem p\u00ebr fuqin\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb,kur populli \u00ebsht\u00eb i paushqyer,i past\u00ebrvitur dhe pa moral lufte.K\u00ebshtu ndodh edhe me armatimin dhe industrin\u00eb e luft\u00ebs t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi.N\u00eb nj\u00eb etap\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar ato mund t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb ushtarake,por n\u00ebse kjo industri nuk ec\u00ebn bashk\u00eb m\u00eb koh\u00ebn, nuk mund t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00ebi n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb ushtarake t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi,madje mund t\u00eb kthehet n\u00eb nj\u00eb kosto t\u00eb lart\u00eb, dhe q\u00eb dob\u00ebson fuqin\u00eb luftarake.<br>Diplomacia n\u00eb tregun gjeopolitik,\u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kapitull tjet\u00ebr mjaft\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebs,ku p\u00ebrshkruhen situata kontradiktore, flitet p\u00ebr autoritarizmin e t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj\u00ebve dhe rolin diktues s\u00eb tyre n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Vendet e vogla para k\u00ebtyre t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj\u00ebve,p\u00ebrshkruhen si nx\u00ebn\u00ebsi para m\u00ebsuesit. Rivaliti p\u00ebr shkall\u00ebn e influenc\u00ebs ndaj Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb sidomos nga Britanis\u00eb e Madhe dhe BS,trajtohet me materiale dhe referenca t\u00eb reja,t\u00eb panjohura m\u00eb par\u00eb.Nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb tregohet Stalini mosp\u00ebrfill\u00ebs ,autoritar dhe diktues ndaj vendeve t\u00eb vogla, dhe nga ana tjet\u00ebr \u00c7ur\u00e7illi,q\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte m\u00eb tep\u00ebr liri dhe t\u00eb drejta p\u00ebr k\u00ebto vende.Stalini q\u00eb pranonte se tre t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjt\u00eb duhet t\u00eb siguronin qet\u00ebsin\u00eb e bot\u00ebs,pa prezenc\u00ebn e vendeve t\u00eb vogla,pa pjesmarrjen e tyre n\u00eb tavolin\u00ebn e bisedimeve.T\u00eb kund\u00ebrt\u00ebn e k\u00ebtij q\u00ebndrimi e shpreh metafora profetike e \u00c7ur\u00e7illit se:\u201dShqiponja duhet t\u2019i lejoj\u00eb zogjt\u00eb e vegj\u00ebl t\u00eb k\u00ebndojn\u00eb dhe t\u00eb mos shqet\u00ebsohet p\u00ebrse k\u00ebndojn\u00eb.\u201dShikojm\u00eb nj\u00eb Stalin q\u00eb n\u00eb ligjirat t\u00eb drejt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shprehur se:\u201d\u00c7far\u00eb b\u00ebri Shqip\u00ebria n\u00eb luft\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb merituar nj\u00eb nivel t\u00eb till\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimi?!\u201d, dhe nj\u00eb \u00c7ur\u00e7ill q\u00eb synonte ta p\u00ebrfshinte vendin ton\u00eb n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e tij t\u00eb influenc\u00ebs,edhe pse k\u00ebto zona influence ishin ndar\u00eb n\u00eb Jalt\u00eb.Nj\u00eb Stalin q\u00eb duke p\u00ebrdorur ndaj Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb autoritetin e nj\u00eb vendi t\u00eb madh, t\u00eb realizonte p\u00ebrmes tij, synimet gjeostrategjike,t\u00eb BS, dhe nj\u00eb \u00c7ur\u00e7ill, q\u00eb me plane paramilitare synonte ta shk\u00ebpuste Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb nga orbita sovjetike.N\u00eb p\u00ebrballje me k\u00ebto situata,autori mjaft\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruan q\u00ebndrimin e faktorit shqiptar\u00eb,luajalizmin e diplomacis\u00eb,shfryt\u00ebzimin e kontradiktave mes superfuqive,ndertimin e aleancave p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfitime ekonomike dhe ushtarake,p\u00ebrcaktimin e shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb rrezikshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit q\u00eb mund t\u2019i vinte vendit,an\u00ebt e forta por edhe dob\u00ebsit\u00eb e br\u00ebnd\u00ebshme t\u00eb shtetit shqiptar\u00eb,etj.<br>N\u00eb 523 faqet e librit autori n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb analitike zb\u00ebrthen burimet e fuqis\u00eb,strategjin\u00eb dhe doktrinat ushtarake,moralin dhe forc\u00ebn e arm\u00ebve,p\u00ebrgatitjen e mjedisit p\u00ebr luft\u00eb,nivelin e lidershipit politiko-ushtarak,syrin me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e vler\u00ebsonin Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb NATO dhe Traktati i Varshav\u00ebs,etj.<br>Libri i Zenos \u201cGjeopolitika dhe fuqia ushtarake e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn e Ftoh\u00ebt\u00eb\u201d\u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vler\u00eb e shtuar n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e historiografis\u00eb, dhe ca m\u00eb tep\u00ebr n\u00eb ato t\u00eb gjeopolitik\u00ebs,ku studimet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb duken disi t\u00eb munguara.Nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr q\u00eb nxit kureshtjen,shton informacionin,dhe t\u00eb pasuron biblotek\u00ebn.Nj\u00eb ftes\u00eb p\u00ebr debat\u2026.<br>Agron BERDAJ<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cGjeopolitika dhe fuqia ushtarake e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb \u201cLuft\u00ebn e Ftoht\u00eb\u201d,\u00ebsht\u00eb libri m\u00eb i ri q\u00eb konkuron sot me dinjitet n\u00eb treg. Autori i librit \u00ebsht\u00eb kolonel Zeno Jahaj,i njohur n\u00eb publistik\u00ebn dhe masmedian Sshqiptare. Kultura ushtarake dhe civile, jeta e autorit e shtrir\u00eb n\u00eb dy koh\u00eb, n\u00eb dy sisteme politike,ndjesit\u00eb e p\u00ebrjetuara n\u00eb ushtrit\u00eb e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":22608,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[872],"class_list":["post-27380","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualitet","tag-agron-berdaj"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27380","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27380"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27380\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27380"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27380"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27380"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}