<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Laboratori i\nl\u00ebvizjeve reaktive t\u00eb NASA-s dhe Laboratori Komb\u00ebtar i Los Alamosit n\u00eb SHBA,\np\u00ebrpiluan list\u00ebn e fenomeneve astronomike t\u00eb Sistemit ton\u00eb Diellor, t\u00eb cilat\nnuk kan\u00eb marr\u00eb ende shpjegimin e duhur nga shkenca. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n 1. Kush \u201ci\nshtyn\u201d sondat kozmike kur nisen p\u00ebr n\u00eb Kozmos?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u00eb vitin 1989, aparati vrojtues \u201cGalileo\u201d u drejtua p\u00ebr\nt\u00eb kryer nj\u00eb udh\u00ebtim t\u00eb larg\u00ebt n\u00eb Jupiter. P\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb atij shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e\nduhur, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt shfryt\u00ebzuan t\u00eb ashtuquajtur\u00ebn \u201cmanov\u00ebr gravitacioni\u201d. Sonda\niu afrua Tok\u00ebs dy her\u00eb me radh\u00eb, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb atill\u00eb q\u00eb forca e gravitacionit\nt\u00eb k\u00ebtij planeti \u201cta shtynte\u201d at\u00eb duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi suplementare,\nmir\u00ebpo pas manovrave, sonda \u201cGalileo\u201d mori nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe nga \u00e7ka ishte\nllogaritur. Kjo metod\u00eb ishte verifikuar edhe her\u00eb t\u00eb tjera aparatet merrnin\nshpejt\u00ebsi normale, n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me llogaritjet e b\u00ebra. \u00c7\u2019po ndodhte vall\u00eb? Pas\nk\u00ebsaj, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt nis\u00ebn p\u00ebr n\u00eb hap\u00ebsirat e larg\u00ebta kozmike edhe tri stacione\nt\u00eb tjera vrojtuese; sond\u00ebn Near p\u00ebr n\u00eb asteroidin Eros, Rozeta u nis p\u00ebr t\u00eb\nstudiuar komet\u00ebn Curjumov-Gerasimenko dhe Kasini shkoi drejt Saturnit. T\u00eb\ngjitha ato e kryen \u201cmanovr\u00ebn e gravitacionit\u201d nj\u00ebsoj dhe q\u00eb t\u00eb treja pat\u00ebn nj\u00eb\nshpejt\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe se e llogaritura. P\u00ebrse vall\u00eb? P\u00ebrs\u00ebri pyetjes nuk iu dha\ndot asnj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebr \u00e7udi t\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve, t\u00eb gjitha aparatet\nq\u00eb u nis\u00ebn p\u00ebr n\u00eb planetet e tjera pas Kasinos, nuk mor\u00ebn shpejt\u00ebsi suplementare\ngjat\u00eb manovrave t\u00eb gravitacionit. Si shpjegohet pra, q\u00eb n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn 1989\n(Galileo)-1997 (Kasino), gjat\u00eb \u201cmanovrave t\u00eb gravitacionit\u201d, sondat q\u00eb niseshin\np\u00ebr n\u00eb thell\u00ebsi t\u00eb Kozmosit, mor\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb shtytje suplementare? Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt,\nderi tani, nuk din\u00eb ta shpjegojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fenomen, madje n\u00eb qarqet ufologjike ka\nlindur mendimi se shkenc\u00ebs son\u00eb tok\u00ebsore i duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsoj\u00eb nj\u00eb forc\u00eb t\u00eb\nlart\u00eb arsyetuese p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar k\u00ebt\u00eb fenomen dhe p\u00ebr ta njohur m\u00eb mir\u00eb Sistemin\nton\u00eb Diellor. Tani, nj\u00eb fenomen i till\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb re, por shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt nuk\njan\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt\u00eb n\u00ebse ai do t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet apo jo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. Pse Toka\nlargohet nga Dielli?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt kan\u00eb koh\u00eb q\u00eb din\u00eb t\u00eb matin me sakt\u00ebsi\ndistanc\u00ebn Diell-Tok\u00eb dhe anasjelltas. Ajo tani \u00ebsht\u00eb 149 597 870 kilometra. M\u00eb\npar\u00eb mendohej se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb distanc\u00eb konstante, mir\u00ebpo n\u00eb vitin 2004, astronom\u00ebt\nvun\u00eb re se Toka largohet nga Dielli af\u00ebrsisht 15 centimetra n\u00eb vit. P\u00ebrse vall\u00eb\nlargohet Toka nga Dielli q\u00eb i jep jet\u00eb? Ku do t\u00eb vej\u00eb ajo? Sigurisht, n\u00ebse\nlargimi do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb me k\u00ebto ritme, kjo nuk paraqet ndonj\u00eb rrezik p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn\nn\u00eb Tok\u00eb sepse do t\u00eb duhen edhe qindra e qindra miliona vjet pa t\u00eb ndihet, por\nkush na garanton q\u00eb ritmet e largimit nuk do t\u00eb rriten? Por, mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb\nedhe e kund\u00ebrta: P\u00ebrderisa largohet, Toka edhe mund t\u00eb afrohet, apo jo? Tani\nasnj\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se \u00e7\u2019ndodh dhe \u00e7\u2019mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3. Kush nuk i\nlejon \u201cPionier\u00ebt\u201d t\u00eb dalin jasht\u00eb kufijve?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Sondat amerikane \u201cPionier 10\u201d dhe \u201cPionier 11\u201d u l\u00ebshuan\np\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht n\u00eb vitet 1972 e 1883 dhe tani ato duhet t\u00eb fluturonin n\u00eb hap\u00ebsirat\nkozmike tej Sistemit ton\u00eb Diellor, mir\u00ebpo p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb paditura, si e para,\nashtu edhe e dyta, n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment t\u00eb caktuar ndryshuan trajektore, t\u00eb thuash se\nnj\u00eb fuqi e padukshme nuk do t\u2019i l\u00ebr\u00eb ato t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcejn\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e Sistemit ton\u00eb\nDiellor. \u00abPionier 10\u00bb devijoi n\u00eb 400 mij\u00eb kilomentra nga trajektorja e\nparacaktuar, nd\u00ebrsa \u201cPionier 11\u201d ndjek me besnik\u00ebri trajektoren e v\u00ebllait t\u00eb\nmadh\u2026 Pse? Ka shum\u00eb versione: Ndikimi i \u201cer\u00ebs diellore\u201d, rrjedhja e karburantit\nnga ndonj\u00eb vrim\u00eb e rast\u00ebsishme, gabim i programimit\u2026 T\u00eb gjitha nuk ta mbushin\nmendjen sepse anijet kozmike jan\u00eb nisur n\u00eb nj\u00eb interval prej 11 vjet\u00ebsh dhe\nsillen absolutisht nj\u00eblloj. Mos vall\u00eb ndikon \u201cmateriali i zi\u201d apo ka ndonj\u00eb\nforc\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse q\u00eb shkenca ende nuk e ka njohur?<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4. \u00c7\u2019fshihet n\u00eb\nperiferi t\u00eb Sistemit ton\u00eb Diellor?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Larg, shum\u00eb larg, pas \u201cxhuxhit\u201d Pluton, ndodhet asteroidi\nSedna, nj\u00eb nga m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjt\u00eb e Sistemit ton\u00eb Diellor. Ai quhet edhe nj\u00eb nga\ntrupat qiellor\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb kuq t\u00eb k\u00ebtij sistemi, madje \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i kuq edhe se Marsi.\nP\u00ebrse? S\u2019dihet. Mir\u00ebpo kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e vetmja enigm\u00eb e tij. Rrotullimin e tij\nt\u00eb plot\u00eb rreth Diellit, Sedna e b\u00ebn nj\u00eb her\u00eb n\u00eb 10 mij\u00eb vjet dhe ka nj\u00eb orbit\u00eb\nshum\u00eb st\u00ebrgjat\u00ebshe. Mos vall\u00eb ky asteroid ka ardhur n\u00eb sistemin ton\u00eb nga ndonj\u00eb\nsistem tjet\u00ebr, apo si\u00e7 mendojn\u00eb disa astronom\u00eb, e pengon n\u00eb orbit\u00ebn e tij\nndonj\u00eb force tjet\u00ebr t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse? N\u00eb qoft\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo, cili planet? K\u00ebtyre\npyetjeve, shkenca ende nuk u jep dot p\u00ebrgjigje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5. P\u00ebrse\neklipset e Diellit jan\u00eb kaq \u201cideale\u201d?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u00eb sistemin ton\u00eb, p\u00ebrmasat e Diellit dhe t\u00eb H\u00ebn\u00ebs, si dhe\ndistancat midis tyre, jan\u00eb zgjedhur nga natyra n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb perfekte dhe\norigjinale. N\u00eb rast se do t\u00eb vrojtosh nga planeti yn\u00eb eklipset e Diellit, do t\u00eb\nv\u00ebsh re se disku i Tok\u00ebs e mbulon krejt\u00ebsisht diskun e Diellit, se p\u00ebrmasat e\ntyre p\u00ebrputhen me p\u00ebrpikm\u00ebri. Po t\u00eb ishte H\u00ebna paksa m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl ose po t\u00eb\nndodhej ajo pak m\u00eb larg Tok\u00ebs, at\u00ebhere n\u00eb planetin ton\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb shiheshin\nkurr\u00eb eklipset e Diellit. Po mir\u00eb, si ka ndodhur kjo, t\u00eb jet\u00eb vall\u00eb nj\u00eb\nrast\u00ebsi? S\u2019ju duket e pabesueshme?!<\/p>\n\n\n\n 6. Pse jetojm\u00eb\nkaq af\u00ebr Diellit?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha sistemet diellore q\u00eb jan\u00eb studiuar deri tani\nnga shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt, planetet shtrihen n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin rregull: Sa m\u00eb i madh t\u00eb jet\u00eb\nplaneti, aq m\u00eb af\u00ebr diellit t\u00eb vet \u00ebsht\u00eb ai. N\u00eb Sistemin ton\u00eb Diellor, nuk\nndodh k\u00ebshtu. Gjigand\u00ebt Saturn dhe Jupiter ndodhen n\u00eb nj\u00eb distanc\u00eb mesatare,\nduke u l\u00ebn\u00eb vend para vetes planet\u00ebve m\u00eb t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl, si: M\u00ebrkuri, Af\u00ebrdita, Toka\ndhe Marsi. Pse ndodh k\u00ebshtu? Shkenca ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb jap\u00eb nj\u00eb\np\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb sakt\u00eb. N\u00eb rast se edhe n\u00eb Sistemin ton\u00eb Diellor do t\u00eb kishte nj\u00eb\nrregull t\u00eb till\u00eb, at\u00ebhere Toka do t\u00eb ndodhej diku n\u00eb zon\u00ebn ku ndodhet tani\nSaturni, mir\u00ebpo atje b\u00ebn aq ftoht\u00eb sa nuk ka asnj\u00eb kusht p\u00ebr t\u00eb jetuar qeniet e\narsyeshme\u2026 Pse \u00ebsht\u00eb thyer ky rregull i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm, pra?<\/p>\n\n\n\n 7. Kur do t\u00eb\nzgjidhen \u201cproblemet\u201d e H\u00ebn\u00ebs?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Edhe H\u00ebna ka shum\u00eb probleme, t\u00eb cilat shkenca nuk i ka\nzgjidhur ende. Le t\u00eb marrim vet\u00ebm nj\u00ebrin prej tyre: Si shpjegohet q\u00eb ana tjet\u00ebr\ne H\u00ebn\u00ebs, q\u00eb p\u00ebrballet me hap\u00ebsirat kozmike, ka m\u00eb pak kratere t\u00eb shkaktuara nga\ntrupat kozmike se ajo q\u00eb v\u00ebshtron nga Toka dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e mbrojtur prej saj?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pjepri ka veti\nsh\u00ebruese<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Nj\u00eb grup shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebsh francez\u00eb, q\u00eb kryesohen nga\nMari-Anna Milesi, kan\u00eb arritur n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se pjepri p\u00ebrmban\nsuperoksiddismutaz, nj\u00eb substanc\u00eb antioksidante q\u00eb, ve\u00e7 t\u00eb tjerave, lufton\nlodhjen dhe stresin njer\u00ebzor… N\u00eb nj\u00eb artikull p\u00ebr arritjet e tyre shkencore,\nMilesi shkruan: \u201cEksperimentet dhe studimet tona kan\u00eb treguar se ekziston nj\u00eb\nlidhje shum\u00eb e ngusht\u00eb midis stresit psikologjik dhe t\u00eb ashtuquajturit stres\noksidantiv. K\u00ebto lidhje krijohen me an\u00eb t\u00eb ndikimit t\u00eb radikaleve t\u00eb ndryshme\naktive n\u00eb procesin biologjik q\u00eb kryhet brenda qelizave t\u00eb organizmit t\u00eb\nnjeriut. Ne jemi p\u00ebrpjekur t\u00eb sqarojm\u00eb n\u00ebse mund t\u00eb ndalohet \u201ckonsumimi dhe\nshterimi\u201d i forcave shpirt\u00ebrore t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve me an\u00eb t\u00eb uljes s\u00eb ndikimit t\u00eb\nradikaleve aktive n\u00eb organiz\u00ebm dhe studimet treguan se p\u00ebrdorimi i ushqimeve q\u00eb\np\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb superoksiddismutaz, kryesisht, pjeprit, i ndihmon njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb\nshp\u00ebtojn\u00eb nga disa simptoma t\u00eb stresit dhe t\u00eb mbilodhjes\u201d. Eksperimentet\npraktike u b\u00ebn\u00eb me 72 vullnetar\u00eb, gjysma e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve mor\u00ebn hapje me\nsuperoksiddismutaz, nd\u00ebrsa gjysma tjet\u00ebr mor\u00ebn ila\u00e7e pa komponent\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb\naktiv\u00eb. Rezultatet ishin t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqshme. Njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb mor\u00ebn antioksidant\u00eb, shfaq\u00ebn\nm\u00eb shum\u00eb shenja p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi t\u00eb gjendjes s\u00eb tyre morale e shpirt\u00ebrore sesa ata\nq\u00eb nuk mor\u00ebn. Kjo u duk qart\u00eb sidomos pas kur\u00ebs 28 ditore. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt sqaruan se \u201cnga\ndalin\u201d grat\u00eb e bukura<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Nj\u00eb grup pedagog\u00ebsh t\u00eb Universitetit t\u00eb Helsinkit, pas studimeve t\u00eb gjata,\nkan\u00eb arritur n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se gjat\u00eb procesit t\u00eb evoluimit t\u00eb tyre psikofizik,\ngrat\u00eb b\u00ebhen gjithmon\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb bukura, m\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse, nd\u00ebrsa meshkujt, nga kjo\npik\u00ebpamje, mbeten ende n\u00eb at\u00eb nivel q\u00eb kan\u00eb qen\u00eb shpellar\u00ebt\u2026 Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt\nkan\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb re se grat\u00eb e bukura lindin gjithmon\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb (ose kan\u00eb\nmund\u00ebsi potenciale p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb) dhe lindin para s\u00eb gjithash, vajza, t\u00eb cilat\nshtojn\u00eb nga ana e tyre, numrin e p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb bukurosheve. Po pse ndodh kjo?\nSipas k\u00ebtyre shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve, nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb ndodh natyrsh\u00ebm, nga vet\u00eb lufta e\ngrave p\u00ebr t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcyer v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb e jet\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbijetuar. Kjo ndodh\nsepse vajzat e bukura arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb rreth t\u00eb madh admiruesish, pra, kan\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb\ne m\u00eb shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb zgjedhin partnerin dhe nga bashkimet e reja, t\u00eb dalin\nvajza edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb bukura. P\u00ebrsa u p\u00ebrket meshkujve, v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dukje k\u00ebta\nshkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb, pamja e tyre e jashtme nuk po ndryshon, por n\u00eb zgjedhjen e\npartnereve, atyre u japin mund\u00ebsi kushtet e jet\u00ebs, sidomos mir\u00ebqenia e tyre\nmateriale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Radioja dhe shpik\u00ebsit e saj<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Deri tani nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjidhur ende problemi se kush e provoi p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb\npar\u00eb aparatin e radios, Popovi n\u00eb Rusi apo Markoni n\u00eb Itali. Thon\u00eb se t\u00eb dy\nkan\u00eb punuar nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht dhe kan\u00eb arritur t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin rezultat n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin\nvit, n\u00eb vitin 1895. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb se e sakt\u00eb. Pik\u00ebrisht at\u00eb vit, u jan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb\npatenta p\u00ebr shpikjen e saj italianit Markoni, serbit Nikolla Tesla dhe\nAleksand\u00ebr Popovit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb transmetonin me an\u00eb t\u00eb val\u00ebve n\u00eb\ndistanca t\u00eb ndryshme, z\u00ebra dhe zhurma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Por, \u00ebsht\u00eb rasti t\u00eb v\u00ebm\u00eb n\u00eb dukje se asnj\u00ebri nuk do ta kishte arritur k\u00ebt\u00eb\nrezultat pa kontributin shkencor t\u00eb Henrik Hercit, i cili n\u00eb vitet 1886-1888,\nduke zbuluar val\u00ebt elektromagnetike, kontribuoi n\u00eb shpikjen e radios m\u00eb shum\u00eb\nse Popovi, Markoni apo Tesla. Radioja vazhdon t\u2019u sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb njer\u00ebzve gjer sot e\nk\u00ebsaj dite, edhe pas p\u00ebrhapjes shum\u00eb t\u00eb madhe q\u00eb ka marr\u00eb televizori\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Laboratori i l\u00ebvizjeve reaktive t\u00eb NASA-s dhe Laboratori Komb\u00ebtar i Los Alamosit n\u00eb SHBA, p\u00ebrpiluan list\u00ebn e fenomeneve astronomike t\u00eb Sistemit ton\u00eb Diellor, t\u00eb cilat nuk kan\u00eb marr\u00eb ende shpjegimin e duhur nga shkenca. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb: 1. Kush \u201ci shtyn\u201d sondat kozmike kur nisen p\u00ebr n\u00eb Kozmos? N\u00eb vitin 1989, aparati vrojtues \u201cGalileo\u201d u drejtua […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":20574,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[2164],"class_list":["post-20573","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enciklopedi","tag-shkenca"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20573","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20573"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20573\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20574"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20573"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20573"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20573"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}