Nj\u00eb sistem i ri i saposhpikur vepron si nj\u00eb \u201cgjethe artificiale\u201d. Ashtu si gjethja q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor procesin e fotosintez\u00ebs, duke e shnd\u00ebrruar ujin, dioksidin e karbonit dhe energjin\u00eb diellore n\u00eb karbohidrate dhe oksigjen, ky sistem p\u00ebrdor energjin\u00eb diellore p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndar\u00eb ujin dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efikase l\u00ebnd\u00eb djeg\u00ebse prej hidrogjeni.
\n\u201cKy sistem i ri thyen rekordet e siguris\u00eb, performanc\u00ebs dhe q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr teknologjit\u00eb e gjetheve artificiale me pes\u00ebfish, dhjet\u00ebfish ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb\u201d, thot\u00eb Nejt Ljuisi, nj\u00eb profesor kimie n\u00eb Kaltek dhe drejtor shkencor p\u00ebr Qendr\u00ebn e P\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt t\u00eb Fotosintez\u00ebs Artificiale. Pajisja e re, e p\u00ebrshkruar n\u00eb gazet\u00ebn \u201cShkenca e Energjis\u00eb dhe Mjedisit\u201d, konsiston n\u00eb tre p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs kryesor\u00eb: Dy elektroda (nj\u00eb fotoanod\u00eb e nj\u00eb fotokatod\u00eb) dhe nj\u00eb membran\u00eb. Fotoanoda p\u00ebrdor drit\u00ebn e diellit p\u00ebr t\u00eb oksiduar molekulat e ujit, duke prodhuar k\u00ebshtu protone dhe elektrone, si edhe oksigjen t\u00eb gazt\u00eb. Fotokatoda rikombinon protonet dhe elektronet, p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar hidrogjen t\u00eb gazt\u00eb.
\nPa shp\u00ebrthime
\nNj\u00eb pjes\u00eb ky\u00e7 e sistemit \u00ebsht\u00eb membrana plastike, e cila i mban t\u00eb ndara gazrat e oksigjenit dhe t\u00eb hidrogjenit, pasi n\u00ebse dy gazrat p\u00ebrzihen dhe ndizen aksidentalisht, ato mund t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrthim. Membrana b\u00ebn t\u00eb mundur mbledhjen e hidrogjenit, q\u00eb vihet n\u00ebn preson dhe futet n\u00eb tuba n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt. Gjysm\u00ebp\u00ebrcjell\u00ebsit (si silikoni ose arseniti i galiumit) thithin drit\u00ebn e diellit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efikase dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb panelet diellore. Megjithat\u00eb, k\u00ebto materiale gjithashtu oksidohen (ndryshken) n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe kur ekspozohen ndaj ujit, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren drejtp\u00ebrdrejt p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar l\u00ebnd\u00ebn djeg\u00ebse.
\nA do t\u00eb punojn\u00eb m\u00eb n\u00eb fund makinat me hidrogjen?
\nPunimet e m\u00ebparshme n\u00eb laboratorin e Ljuisit \u00e7uan n\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrparim t\u00eb madh. Ato treguan se duke shtuar shtresa t\u00eb holla (prej disa nanometrash) t\u00eb dioksidit t\u00eb titaniumit (TiO2) (material i gjetur edhe n\u00eb boj\u00ebn e bardh\u00eb, si edhe n\u00eb pastat e dh\u00ebmb\u00ebve dhe krem\u00ebrat kund\u00ebr diellit) n\u00eb elektroda, ato nuk do t\u00eb g\u00ebrryhen dhe drita e diellit dhe elektronet do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb kalonin. Sistemi i ri p\u00ebrdor aktualisht shtresa TiO2 me trash\u00ebsi 62.5 nanomet\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar g\u00ebrryerjen dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar stabilitetin e fotoelektrodave me baz\u00eb arsenidi galiumi.
\nKatalizator jo i shtrenjt\u00eb
\nNj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr faktor ky\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi i katalizator\u00ebve aktiv\u00eb, jo t\u00eb shtrenjt\u00eb, p\u00ebr prodhimin e l\u00ebnd\u00ebs djeg\u00ebse. Fotoanoda ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb katalizator p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb reaksionin thelb\u00ebsor t\u00eb ndarjes s\u00eb ujit. Metale t\u00eb rralla dhe t\u00eb shtrenjta, si platini, mund t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb si katalizator\u00eb efikas\u00eb, por ekipi zbuloi se k\u00ebt\u00eb mund ta b\u00ebnte nj\u00eb katalizator shum\u00eb m\u00eb i mir\u00eb dhe aktiv, duke i shtuar nj\u00eb shtres\u00eb nikeli prej 2 nanometrash sip\u00ebrfaqes s\u00eb TiO2. Ky katalizator \u00ebsht\u00eb nga m\u00eb t\u00eb njohurit p\u00ebr ndarjen e molekulave t\u00eb ujit.
\nVepron m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 40 or\u00eb rresht
\nSistemi i demonstruar, q\u00eb ka nj\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe afro 1 m2, shnd\u00ebrron 10% t\u00eb energjis\u00eb diellore n\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00eb djeg\u00ebse kimike dhe mund t\u00eb veproj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 40 or\u00eb n\u00eb vazhdim. \u201cPuna jon\u00eb tregon se \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrtet e mundshme t\u00eb prodhosh l\u00ebnd\u00eb djeg\u00ebse nga dielli n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt dhe efikase, n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb integruar me p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs jo t\u00eb shtrenjt\u00eb\u201d, thot\u00eb Ljuisi. \u201cSigurisht, ne kemi ende pun\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtuar koh\u00ebzgjatjen e sistemit, ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar metoda t\u00eb reja me kosto t\u00eb ul\u00ebt, p\u00ebr prodhimin e hidrogjenit si l\u00ebnd\u00eb djeg\u00ebse\u201d. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nj\u00eb sistem i ri i saposhpikur vepron si nj\u00eb \u201cgjethe artificiale\u201d. Ashtu si gjethja q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor procesin e fotosintez\u00ebs, duke e shnd\u00ebrruar ujin, dioksidin e karbonit dhe energjin\u00eb diellore n\u00eb karbohidrate dhe oksigjen, ky sistem p\u00ebrdor energjin\u00eb diellore p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndar\u00eb ujin dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efikase l\u00ebnd\u00eb djeg\u00ebse prej hidrogjeni. \u201cKy sistem […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":13570,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13568","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enciklopedi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13568","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13568"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13568\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13570"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13568"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13568"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13568"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}