1. Furra me mikroval\u00eb
\nPersi Spenser ishte drejtues i nj\u00eb ekipi shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebsh q\u00eb po b\u00ebnin eksperimente n\u00eb lidhje me nj\u00eb studim q\u00eb u p\u00ebrkiste radar\u00ebve n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn e Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore. Nj\u00eb dit\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa po studionte tubat magnetron me vakum p\u00ebr llogari t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb Reytheon, ai vuri re se \u00e7okollata q\u00eb kishte n\u00eb xhep kishte filluar t\u00eb shkrinte. Duke e par\u00eb me kujdes, zbuloi se mikroval\u00ebt q\u00eb l\u00ebshonte magnetroni, mund t\u00eb piqnin edhe ushqimet. Reytheon-i e b\u00ebri k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn p\u00ebr patentimin e shpikjes n\u00eb vitin 1945.
\n2. Shkrep\u00ebsja
\nFarmacisti britanik, Xhon Uoker, po p\u00ebrziente disa kimikate n\u00eb nj\u00eb en\u00eb, n\u00eb vitin 1826, kur vuri re se nj\u00eb cop\u00eb nga p\u00ebrzierja ishte thar\u00eb n\u00eb cepin e nj\u00eb shkopi. Kur u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb kruante q\u00eb ta pastronte, ajo mori flak\u00eb dhe k\u00ebshtu u shpik shkrep\u00ebsja q\u00eb njohim. Uokeri i shiti shkrep\u00ebset e para n\u00eb nj\u00eb librari vendase dhe i quajti \u201czjarri i f\u00ebrkimit\u201d.
\n3. \u00c7am\u00e7ak\u00ebzi
\nN\u00eb fund t\u00eb viteve 1860, Tomas Adams, nj\u00eb studiues nga Nju Jorku, filloi t\u00eb b\u00ebnte eksperimente me nj\u00eb lloj gome nga nj\u00eb pem\u00eb e Amerik\u00ebs s\u00eb Jugut, si nj\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuese e mundshme e kau\u00e7ukut. Pas shum\u00eb d\u00ebshtimeve futi nj\u00eb dit\u00eb nj\u00eb cop\u00eb nga kjo gom\u00eb n\u00eb goj\u00eb dhe vuri re se i p\u00eblqeu shija. Ai e preu n\u00eb rripa dhe e hodhi n\u00eb treg si \u00e7am\u00e7ak\u00ebzat Adams, n\u00eb vitin 1871.
\n4. Sakarina (\u00ebmb\u00eblsues)
\nN\u00eb vitin 1879, kimisti Konstantin Fahlberg po punonte n\u00eb nj\u00eb laborator t\u00eb universitetit Xhon Hopkins, n\u00eb Merilend, SHBA. Nj\u00eb dit\u00eb, pas disa eksperimenteve me derivatet e katranit t\u00eb qymyrgurit, ai harroi t\u00eb lante duart para se t\u00eb hante. Vuri re nj\u00eb shije t\u00eb \u00e7uditshme t\u00eb \u00ebmb\u00ebl nd\u00ebrsa po hante dhe v\u00ebrtetoi se ishte nj\u00eb \u00ebmb\u00eblsues artificial pa kalori, i njohur nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb me emrin sakarin\u00eb. Fahlbergu m\u00eb pas paraqiti k\u00ebrkes\u00eb p\u00ebr patentimin e k\u00ebsaj shpikjeje.
\n5. Biskotat me copa \u00e7okollate
\nN\u00eb vitin 1930, kur Ruth Grejvs Uejkfild, e cila kishte nj\u00eb han n\u00eb Masa\u00e7usets, mbeti pa \u00e7okollata gatimi, q\u00eb i p\u00ebrdorte deri at\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebr biskotat e saj t\u00eb famshme me gjalp\u00eb, p\u00ebrdori nj\u00eb \u00e7okollat\u00eb Nestle. Biskotat kishin brenda cop\u00ebza leht\u00ebsisht t\u00eb tretura \u00e7okollate, q\u00eb e b\u00ebnin at\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebndshme e kremoze. Kur biskotat filluan t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqnin interesin e t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve, Nestle i dha Uejkfildit nj\u00eb sasi falas \u00e7okollatash, n\u00eb shk\u00ebmbim t\u00eb recet\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb v\u00ebnies s\u00eb fotos s\u00eb saj n\u00eb mb\u00ebshtjell\u00ebsen e t\u00eb gjitha \u00e7okollatave.
\n6. Radiografit\u00eb
\nN\u00eb vitin 1895, fizikani gjerman Vilhelm R\u00ebntgen po b\u00ebnte disa eksperimente me fenomenet e l\u00ebnd\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb energjis\u00eb. Nj\u00eb dit\u00eb po kalonte nj\u00eb rrym\u00eb elektrike brenda disa tubave q\u00eb i kishte mbyllur me karton n\u00eb zi dhe zbuloi se nj\u00eb substanc\u00eb kimike q\u00eb gjendej aty pran\u00eb, filloi t\u00eb l\u00ebshonte drit\u00eb fosforeshente. Ai zbuloi se rrezet e padukshme mund t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcenin edhe objekte t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme. I quajti rrezet X, sepse ishin t\u00eb panjohura deri at\u00ebher\u00eb.
\n7. Tefloni (p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr veshjen e en\u00ebve q\u00eb nuk ngjisin)
\nN\u00eb vitin 1938, kimisti Roi Planket kishte ftoht\u00eb dhe la n\u00ebn presion gaz tetrafluoretilen brenda nj\u00eb cilindri, t\u00eb cilin e la aty gjith\u00eb nat\u00ebn p\u00ebr nj\u00eb eksperiment. M\u00ebngjesin tjet\u00ebr zbuloi se gazi ishte ngurt\u00ebsuar anash dhe n\u00eb fund t\u00eb cilindrit, duke krijuar nj\u00eb shtres\u00eb t\u00eb holl\u00eb, e cila kishte nj\u00eb pik\u00eb shkrirjeje shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Planketi e regjistroi shpikjen e tij n\u00eb vitin 1945, duke e quajtur Teflon. N\u00eb fillim ajo u p\u00ebrdor p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime ushtarake dhe m\u00eb pas, edhe n\u00eb en\u00ebt e kuzhin\u00ebs.
\n8. Plastelina
\nKjo loj\u00eb popullore n\u00eb fillim u krijua si l\u00ebnd\u00eb pastruese p\u00ebr tapetet n\u00eb vitet \u201830. Megjithat\u00eb, nuk pasi shum\u00eb sukses dhe shoq\u00ebria Kutol Products, arriti n\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e falimentimit. P\u00ebr fatin e tyre t\u00eb mir\u00eb, prodhuesit zbuluan se f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e p\u00ebrdornin k\u00ebt\u00eb produkt si loj\u00eb. Menj\u00ebher\u00eb i vun\u00eb emrin Play-Doh, i hoq\u00ebn substancat pastruese dhe i shtuan ngjyra. Vazhdimi \u00ebsht\u00eb i njohur.
\n9. Corn flakes (drith\u00ebrat)
\nN\u00eb vitin 1894, doktor Xhon Kellog dhe v\u00ebllai i tij m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl, Uilliam, punonin n\u00eb sanatoriumin Battle Creek t\u00eb Mi\u00e7iganit dhe po k\u00ebrkonin t\u00eb gjenin nj\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsues t\u00eb tretsh\u00ebm t\u00eb buk\u00ebs p\u00ebr pacient\u00ebt e tyre. Gabimisht e zien m\u00eb shum\u00eb se \u00e7\u2019duhet grurin, t\u00eb cilin m\u00eb pas e pren\u00eb n\u00eb cop\u00ebza t\u00eb vogla dhe e poq\u00ebn. Rezultati ishte nj\u00eb ushqim i sh\u00ebndetsh\u00ebm dhe i shijsh\u00ebm. N\u00eb vazhdim, ata e p\u00ebrs\u00ebrit\u00ebn procedur\u00ebn me misrin, gj\u00eb q\u00eb pati nj\u00eb sukses t\u00eb menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm.
\n10. Brendi (konjaku)
\nN\u00eb shekullin e 16-t\u00eb, nj\u00eb kapiten anijeje nxehu ver\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb mund ta b\u00ebnte m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar dhe ta transportonte m\u00eb leht\u00eb (Kishte p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim q\u00eb ta hollonte p\u00ebrs\u00ebri me uj\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb). Megjithat\u00eb, zbuloi se vera e p\u00ebrqendruar kishte shije m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb sesa ajo normale, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb lindi e ashtuquajtura \u201cbrandevvijn\u201d, ose vera e djegur, q\u00eb sot e quajm\u00eb brendi apo konjak.
\n11. Velcro (ngjit\u00ebsja e atleteve)
\nNd\u00ebrsa ndodhej jasht\u00eb qytetit p\u00ebr gjueti, n\u00eb vitin 1941, inxhinieri zviceran Xhorxh de Mestral, vuri re si ngjisnin n\u00eb rrobat dhe \u00e7orapet e tij bim\u00ebt e njohura me emrin rodhe. Duke i vrojtuar m\u00eb nga af\u00ebr, vuri re se ato kishin ca si grem\u00e7a mikroskopik\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat i b\u00ebnin t\u00eb ngjiteshin pas p\u00eblhurave. Mestrali b\u00ebri eksperimente me disa lloje l\u00ebnd\u00ebsh dhe n\u00eb fund p\u00ebrfundoi te najloni, p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur rezultatin q\u00eb d\u00ebshironte. Dy dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb, k\u00ebrkesa n\u00eb rritje e ketij produkti nga NASA e b\u00ebri at\u00eb t\u00eb njohur.
\n12. Superngjit\u00ebsja
\nNd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb po b\u00ebnte eksperimente n\u00eb laboratoret e Eastman-Kodak-ut, n\u00eb vitin 1942, Herri Kuveri krijoi gabimisht nj\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00eb ngjit\u00ebse, t\u00eb cilin e quajti cianoakrilat dhe q\u00eb ngjitej kudo. Gjasht\u00eb vjet m\u00eb von\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb punonte n\u00eb dizenjimin e xhamave t\u00eb aeroplanit, zbuloi se kjo ngjit\u00ebse ishte shum\u00eb e fuqishme dhe nuk kishte nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb piqej. Duke e kuptuar p\u00ebrdorimin e saj t\u00eb gjer\u00eb tregtar, Kuveri e patentoi zbulimin e tij dhe cianoakrilati doli n\u00eb treg n\u00eb vitin 1958. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
1. Furra me mikroval\u00eb Persi Spenser ishte drejtues i nj\u00eb ekipi shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebsh q\u00eb po b\u00ebnin eksperimente n\u00eb lidhje me nj\u00eb studim q\u00eb u p\u00ebrkiste radar\u00ebve n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn e Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore. Nj\u00eb dit\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa po studionte tubat magnetron me vakum p\u00ebr llogari t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb Reytheon, ai vuri re se \u00e7okollata q\u00eb kishte n\u00eb xhep kishte filluar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":13491,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enciklopedi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13489"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13489\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13491"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intervista.al\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}